Millennium Tea Horse Road interpret a lengthy possession of tea industry

Because of the tea, so with Tea Horse Road.

Tea Horse Road is a large transportation network, based on the Sichuan-Tibet Tea-Horse Road, Yunnan-Tibet Cha Ma Ancient Road and the Qinghai-Tibet Cha Ma Ancient Road 3 Road, the main line, supplemented by a number of extensions, with a line form the road system. The Yaan, Sichuan-Tibet line Tea-Horse Road is the starting point, is the first to enter Tibet and the origin of tea. Song, the official set up in Ya "Tea Horse Division," even the Qing Ya designated for Tibetan tea production base.

Inside look Tea Horse Road Yaan transportation network, well-known tea studies, tea culture, experts, consultants Lijia Guang City Tea Society said: "There are three lines in history starting from Ya." Explore in depth the history of three lines will find tea Ya'an Horse Road is not only the oldest and most extensive line.

Three lines, with many of the tourist resources. Li Jiaguang hope that 2010 will hold a Millennium Yaan Tea Horse Road tourist activities to promote Tibet Cha Ma Ancient Road to tea, because tea and Tibetan Tea Horse Road is a "brother", the Tibetan tea with Tea-Horse Road bale building, will Tibetan tea is conducive to brand promotion.

Recently, the reporter and the Urban Institute stakeholders a tea, listening to the Tea Horse Road Lijia Guang Let's talk about the past ... ...

The most ancient Tea-Horse Road

Tea Horse Road the first day of the county from the beginning, also known as yaks Road.

Fragments of history constantly in Li Jiaguang brain flash, he said, brought in the early years, the lessons learned former pay more attention to ethnic relations. The so-called former lesson, refer to the late Tang Dynasty, southwestern edge of the Tibetan and Nanzhao unite attack Sichuan, resulting in a very long period of time, Han in Sichuan source, Yaan was occupied Tibet, a vacuum. The early period of the Song Dynasty, on the southwest edge of the minority to the policy of appeasement, comfort, official letters, reward. During that period, the Li Ya states (this Chinese source), Tianquan a border fortress, suffer temporary with as many as a dozen ethnic minorities.

Thus, on the day of the county organization Tianquan "Turkish army 3000, 800 families of tea", to form a force to prevent the invasion Tibet. Li Jiaguang that "the Turkish army 3000, Daho 800" is only a estimate, certainly more than the actual number. Here the "land army" refers to the militia, and "tea farmers," the production of tea, will be used to reward the court of the Tibetan and other ethnic minorities compliance.

Trace the history of tea in the Song Dynasty was a widespread cultivation of crops, in Yaan, in addition to asbestos and Chinese sources, full of tea, tea production in Sichuan was the highest in the nation, accounting for 40% of total production, almost every house was kind of tea.

More tea, you need to transport. Tea shipped from Tianquan by Xing Jing to Chinese sources, this road is in the history of yaks Road. It is said that far in the Western Han Dynasty, Shujun merchants often use cloth and other local specialties and Dadu barbarians outside the yak, yak Qiong exchange Ministries, horses and other items, so this road, known to history as yaks Road.

To the Chinese source, the yaks Road, divided into two lines, one to Kangding, the other one through Qiong are (now Xichang) to the more Western, Yunnan, and then go abroad. After a way, it is the legendary Silk Road in the south.

Lijia Guang said that this most ancient Tea-Horse Road, not only played a stabilizing role of ethnic relations, but also strengthened the tea-horse trade, deepen the exchange.

Most prosperous Tea Horse Road

Frontier tea, tea and horse trading continued into the Qing Frontier system only, after years of vicissitudes in recent years. Tea market transactions in the long years, merchants in the northwest of Sichuan, southwest border, with their feet, take a rugged stretch of the Tea-Horse Road.

Historical records, before the middle of the Song and Ming, Shaanxi, Sichuan tea into the majority, then resell Zephaniah. Lijia Guang said that in the history of Ancient Tea Horse Road, North Song Dynasty until the Southern Song dynasty, during the 80 years of history, Sichuan tea through Hsia Road, in Shaanxi, Gansu, and then transported to Tibet. This is one of the most prosperous of the road, then the only way is north.

Xia Yang Road, also known as Ling Guan Road, which through Lushan, Baoxing, Wenchuan, and then left go of Shaanxi, Gansu go the right. This Road, in the Spring and Autumn Period, is the gateway to the Northwest Boulevard.

At that time, each year more than 100 million kilograms of dry tea shipped from Mingshan through the years, in years to Lushan, soldiers from the Army and the common car care transport, momentum ambitious. To the "military hand" refers to the local military, "soldiers" refers to the national army.

That lasted 80 years and later dynasties as replacement of war and other reasons, this north road, finally interrupted. However, Lijia Guang think this way in the Tea-Horse trading has the highest cost, the value of tea in this way has been fully embodied.

However, this road has been known up today. Li Jiaguang that this road has a profound Chinese culture, red panda culture and cultural tourism development with a strong value, worthy of exploration and development.

The most difficult Tea Horse Road

Historically, the primary marketing of tea Ya'an Ganzi and Tibet, people used to call south side of tea.

The mid-Ming, Lhasa River are mainly exported to the beginning of tea, Kangding and Songpan, Jinchuan area, known as the "south side of tea" and "West roadside tea", the amount equivalent to 90% of total output of Sichuan tea. Since then, in Yaan as a starting point until the line of Kangding, tea has become the most important side of the flow channel.

To the Qing Dynasty, the rulers and further strengthened the management Kham and Tibet, set the station, relaxing tea lose possession, Dajianlu a pool of land south side of tea, but also to the further prosperity of the Sichuan-Tibet Tea. Thus, in the Ming and Qing dynasties have formed Yaan, Tianquan more Ma On Shan, Luding to Kangding's "trail tea", and Ya, Xing Jing greater with ridge, over the ridge, Luding to Kangding's "tea road" .

After the Opium War, British imperialism sought to replace Chinese Tea, India tea sales in Tibet. They think that once the Indian side of tea, tea could replace the status of Sichuan Province, Tibet and Britain can monopolize the political and economic. To this end, the British imperialists and even the invasion force in Lhasa, Tibet forced Indian tea output. Since then, Sichuan tea has become a weapon against the British invasion of Tibet. Tibet against India tea sales, tea sales Sichuan Tibetan protection, against the British invasion of Tibet has become an important part.

Therefore, this Tea Horse Road will be important.

According to historical records, the Qing Dynasty tea annually imported more than 80% of Tibet from Sichuan, mainly for the elegant side of tea produced in the state.

This road is also the most difficult tea horse road, all by the human transportation, then, at that time had a special job - the back husband. Kangding from Yaan to tea, all from the back of the dour husband step by step to reach. Back much more, two or three pounds of it has to back. In addition, women and children also joined the ranks of husband back, and even breast-feeding women with infants with road.

This road is now called "Sichuan-Tibet Tea-Horse Road."

Through this ancient road, not only the Tibetan people live without access to the tea and other goods produced in the mainland, make up for the lack of Tibet, met the Tibetan people's needs, and so long in a relatively closed environment of the Tibetan District opened the door to a variety of native Tibetan transported to the mainland, form a complementary and mutually beneficial and lasting relationship.